Development trend of CNC machine tools


Since entering the 21st century, with the continuous development of CNC technology and the expansion of application areas, it plays an increasingly important role in the development of some important industries (IT, automotive, light industry, medical, etc.) for the people's livelihood, because the digitalization of the equipment required by these industries has been a major trend of modern development. In general, CNC lathes present the following three development trends:

High speed, high precision

High speed, precision is the eternal goal of machine tool development. With the rapid development of science and technology, the speed of mechanical and electrical products update is accelerated, and the requirements for the precision and surface quality of parts processing are getting higher and higher. In order to meet the needs of this complex and changing market, the current machine tool is to high-speed cutting, dry cutting and quasi-dry cutting direction, the processing accuracy is also constantly improving. On the other hand, the successful application of electric spindle and linear motor, ceramic ball bearings, high-precision large lead hollow internal cooling and ball nut strong cooling of the low-temperature high-speed ball screw vice and linear guide with ball cage vice and other machine tool functional components on the market, but also for the machine tool to high-speed, precision development has created the conditions.

The adoption of electric spindle in CNC lathe eliminates the links of belt, pulley and gear, greatly reduces the rotating inertia of main drive, improves the dynamic response speed and working accuracy of spindle, and completely solves the vibration and noise problems of belt and pulley transmission when the spindle is running at high speed. Adopting electric spindle structure can make the spindle speed reach more than 10000r/min.

Linear motor drive speed is high, acceleration and deceleration characteristics are good, with superior response characteristics and following accuracy. With linear motor for servo drive, eliminating the ball screw as an intermediate transmission link, eliminating the transmission gap (including backlash), small motion inertia, good system rigidity, precision positioning at high speed, thus greatly improving the servo accuracy.

Linear rolling guide sub, because it has zero clearance in all directions and very small rolling friction, small wear, negligible heat generation, very good thermal stability, improve the whole positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy. Through the application of linear motor and linear rolling guide sub, the fast moving speed of machine tool can be increased from 10~20m/mim to 60~80m/min, up to 120m/min.

High reliability

CNC machine reliability is a key indicator of the quality of CNC machine tools. CNC machine tools can play its high performance, high precision and high efficiency, and to obtain good benefits, the key depends on the level of its reliability.

CNC lathe design CAD, modular structure design

With the popularization of computer application and the development of software technology, CAD technology has been widely developed. CAD can not only replace the manual completion of tedious drawing work, but more importantly, it can carry out design scheme selection and static and dynamic characteristics analysis, calculation, prediction and optimization design of the whole machine, and can carry out dynamic simulation of each working part of the whole machine. On the basis of modularity in the design phase can be seen in the three-dimensional geometric model of the product and realistic color. The use of CAD can also greatly improve the efficiency and increase the success rate of the design once, thus shortening the trial production cycle, reducing design costs and improving market competitiveness.


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Maintenance of CNC machine tools

CNC lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency automatic machine tool. Equipped with multi-station turret or power turret, the machine tool has a wide range of plus process performance and can process linear cylindrical, slant cylindrical, circular arc and various threads, slots, worm gears and other complex workpieces, with linear interpolation, circular arc interpolation various compensation functions, and has played a good economic effect in the mass production of complex parts.


Introduction to the basic components of common CNC machine tools

CNC machine tools are generally composed of a control medium, a CNC device, a servo system and the machine body. In order to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, the above system and then add a measuring device (i.e., the dashed part of the above figure), so as to constitute a closed-loop control of CNC machine tool block diagram. Open-loop control system works like this:


History of rotary presses

William Nicholson patented the rotary press in 1790. The rotary press itself was a development of the cylinder press, which was also patented by William Nicholson, invented by Beaucher in France in the 1780s and Friedrich Koenig in the early 19th century.


Features of CNC machine tools

CNC machine tool is short for digitally controlled machine tool, an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically process the program with control codes or other symbolic instructions and decode it so that the machine moves and processes the parts.